How to maintain CNC lathes daily

Maintenance personnel of CNC lathes must not only have knowledge of machinery, processing technology, and hydraulic pneumatics, but also have knowledge of electronic computers, automatic control, drive, and measurement technology, so that they can fully understand and master CNC lathes, and do maintenance work in a timely manner.

1. For the main daily maintenance and maintenance work of CNC machine tools, first select the appropriate use environment: the use environment of CNC lathes (such as temperature, humidity, vibration, power supply voltage, frequency and interference, etc.) will affect the normal operation of the machine tool, so When installing the machine tool, it should be strictly required to comply with the installation conditions and requirements stipulated in the machine tool manual. Under the condition that economic conditions permit, CNC lathes should be installed separately from ordinary machining equipment for easy repair and maintenance.

2. CNC lathes should be equipped with specialized personnel for CNC system programming, operation and maintenance: these personnel should be familiar with the mechanical parts of the machine 

tool used, the CNC system, strong electrical equipment, hydraulic pressure, air pressure, etc., as well as the use environment and processing conditions, etc., and be able to Correctly use the CNC lathe according to the requirements of the machine tool and system instruction manual.

3. Maintenance and maintenance of CNC lathes that are not used for a long time: When the CNC lathe is not in use, the CNC system should be powered on frequently, and it should be run dry when the machine tool is locked. In the moldy rain season with high air humidity, it should be powered on every day, and the moisture in the CNC cabinet should be driven away by the heat of the electrical components themselves, so as to ensure the stable and reliable performance of the electronic components.

4. Maintenance and maintenance of the hardware control part of the CNC system: Let an experienced maintenance electrician check it once a year. Check whether the relevant reference voltage is within the specified range, such as the output voltage of the power module, the reference voltage of the numerical control unit, etc., if it is abnormal, remove the dust; check whether the connection of each electrical component in the system is loose; check that each functional module is running with a fan Check whether it is normal and remove dust; check whether the connection of the external regenerative discharge unit used by the servo amplifier and the spindle amplifier is reliable, and remove dust; check whether the voltage of the memory backup battery used by each functional module is normal, and generally replace it regularly according to the requirements of the manufacturer. For machine tools that have been out of service for a long time, they should be turned on and run for 4 hours a month, which can prolong the service life of the CNC machine tool.

5. Maintenance and maintenance of the mechanical part of the machine tool: after the processing of each shift, the operator should clean up the chips scattered on the carriage, guide rail, etc.; pay attention to check whether the chip conveyor is normal during work to avoid chip accumulation and damage to the guide rail The accuracy will endanger the life of the ball screw and guide rail; before the end of the work, each servo axis should return to the origin and stop.

6. Maintenance and maintenance of the spindle motor of the machine tool: the maintenance electrician should check the servo motor and the spindle motor once a year. Focus on checking its operating noise and temperature rise. If the noise is too large, find out the cause, whether it is a mechanical problem such as a bearing or a parameter setting problem of the matching amplifier, and take corresponding measures to solve it. For DC motors, check, adjust, repair or replace their brushes and commutators to make them work in good condition. Check whether the cooling fan at the end of the motor is running normally and clean up the dust; check whether the connecting plugs of the motor are loose.

7. Maintenance and maintenance of machine tool feed servo motors: For CNC lathe servo motors, maintenance is required every 10 to 12 months, and machine tools with frequent acceleration or deceleration changes are required to be maintained every 2 months.

The main contents of maintenance are: blow off the dust of the brush with dry compressed air, check the wear of the brush, if it needs to be replaced, use the brush with the same specification, and run it without load for a certain period of time after the replacement to make it compatible with the replacement. Fit to the surface of the device; check and clean the armature commutator to prevent short circuit; if a speed measuring motor and pulse encoder are installed, check and clean.

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